AO
to A6: Trimmed paper sizes in the ISO international
paper size range.
Art: A paper coated with
china clay and size to leave a very smooth
surface. Finish can be matt or gloss.
BO
to B6: Trimmed paper sizes in the ISO international
paper size range (larger than A sizes).
Bank:
Lightweight papers (under 60 gsm).
Bitmap:
A scanned image that is made up of a series
of pixels.
Blanket: Drum covered with rubber
surface in an off-set litho press which
transfers the ink/image from the plate
to the paper.
Bleed: Printed area outside
of final trim marks. Bleed printing achieves
a clean edge where colour is run to the
full height or width of page.
Blind Embossing:
A relief design stamped/pressed into paper
without ink.
Bond: Heavier papers often
used for letterheads.
BRE: Business Reply
Envelope.
Bromide: Photographic paper used
in reproduction on which an opaque image
is created (as opposed to film). Can be
positive or negative.
Bulk: Degree of thickness
of paper.
Burst Binding: Form of perfect
binding that allows the book to be opened
flat.
Choke: Small increase to inside edge,
usually applied to a lighter colour enclosing
a darker colour, to force an overlap. A
form of trapping.
CMYK: Short term for four
colour process referring to Cyan, Magenta,
Yellow and Key (Black). CMY are subtractive
colours (100% values of each equate to
black). See RGB.
Concertina: Alternating
folds in a single sheet.
Cromalin: An off-press
proof (made direct from the film separations).
Cutout:
Area/shape removed from within trim area.
Image without a background.
Cutter: Used
to cut pre-determined shapes in paper.
Cyan:
One of the 4 process colours (‘Blue’).Die-Cut:
Process using sharpened metal strips set
in a base form to cut shapes out of a sheet
of paper.
Diestamp: A method of printing
from engraved steel dies producing a raised
impression. Can be coloured or left blind
(without ink).
Dot Gain: Enlargement of
half-tone dot during printing which needs
to be allowed for in reproduction.
DPI:
Dots Per Inch. Measure of resolution, i.e.
how many separate dots a printing device
con produce per linear inch.
Duotone: Two
colour halftone produced from a single
colour original to produce a subtly coloured
image.
Emboss: Raised lettering or impression
rising above the flat paper/material.
EPS:
File format used for images and graphics
- short for Encapsulated Postscript File.
Film:
Copy supplied as separation film for plate-making.
Fit:
Refers to exact register of each colour
used on film, proof or plate.
Foil Blocking:
Process by which a metallic foil image
can be transferred on to paper.
Full Colour:
Four colour process print using Cyan, Magenta,
Yellow and Black (CMYK).
Gatefold: Page
in magazine which folds out.Gloss Art:
Shiny art paper (as opposed to matt art).
GSM:
Short for grams per square metre, measuring
the weight of paper.
Gutter: The inner,
binding margin of a book, or space between
printed areas.
Halftone: Illustration created
by dots of varying size, resulting in the
appearance of continuous tone.
Imagesetter:
High resolution output device used for
producing bromide, final film or even plates
containing graphics, text and scanned images.
Justify:
Spacing words to a predetermined width.
JPEG:
Technique used to compress files to allow
easier transfer of data. This causes a
degradation of the image.
Kerning: Spacing
letters of a word so that they are either
closer together or further apart.
Laid:
A form of paper with marks through the
paper, as opposed to wove which is smooth.
Laminate:
Adding a transparent plastic film to the
surface of the printed matter to enhance
its appearance and increase durability.
Leading:
Spacing between lines of text, depth of
which is measured in points.
Litho: Lithography.
A method of printing whereby the ink is
transferred from a chemically treated flat
plate to paper.
LPI: Lines Per Inch (see
DPI). Measurement of definition of halftone
screen to be applied.
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